Calendula

 Calendula Plant History

Calendula bloom constantly throughout the growing season, provides a spectacular display of light yellow to deep orange blooms from early summer until frost. This aromatic plant is one of the earliest cultivated flowers known. In European countries, people have been cultivating this plant since the 12th century. The word (Calendula) is extracted from the Latin word (calendae), which means (little calendar), mainly due to its promptness in blossoming on the beginning of the calendar month.

In Ancient Greece the flower petals were mainly used for decoration purpose. This plant is also known to be used in ancient Indian and Arabic cultures. Around the Mediterranean, calendula plant  have been grown, eaten and used medicinally since prehistoric times.

Calendula is very adaptable and tolerates a variety of environments, and now it's cultivated worldwide as a popular plant in home gardens as it attracts bees for pollination, keeps harmful insects away from other plants and aid healing.

 Calendula Varieties 

There are approximately 20 different varieties of Calendula, with all of them ranging from light orange to yellow, and most Calendula varieties have an aromatic scent.

Calendula Plant Description 

Common Names: Marigold, Pot marigold, Holigold, Gold-bloom, Golds, Mary Bud/Marybud, Ruddes, Mary Gowles. Calendula is a short, aromatic herbaceous perennial, typically grows 1-2’ tall. The leaves are oblong-lanceolate, hairy on both sides, and with margins entire or occasionally waved. The lower leaves are broad and spatula shaped, the upper leaves may be oblong, they are smooth at the edges and are arranged alternately along the stem. Although the flowers and leaves are bitter tasting, they are edible and may be added fresh or dried to soups, salads for both flavor and color.

Benefits of Calendula 

The brightly colored calendula flower petals make them an eye-catching addition to any garden and their healing properties are so many. The flowers of calendula are widely used as a medicinal plant with antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties that makes it a strong ingredient for healing. Calendula has been used for medicinal purposes since at least the 12th century, primarily as a topical application to boost the healing rate of wounds and prevent infection. 

The plant contains high amounts of flavonoids, which are thought to increase the rate of neo-vascularization and deposit hyaluronan, the principal component of the extracellular matrix in cells. Hyaluronan contributes to cell proliferation and migration as well as the formation, alignment and migration of capillaries, which may explain why calendula speeds healing. The active ingredient in calendula is oleanolic acid, which has anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and antioxidant abilities.

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